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Parasomnias

Sleep Medicine located in Tampa, FL

More than 4% of the population is known to have parasomnias, and these disruptive sleep disorders are more common if you’re going through a stressful time or struggling to sleep in general. If you’re tired of night terrors, vocalizations, or feeling disoriented when you wake up, turn to the specialists at The Sleep Medicine Institute in Tampa, Florida. Sleep medicine expert Lara Wittine, MD, FAASM, listens carefully to you and personalizes your care to address your symptoms. Start getting the help you need by calling the office or booking a consultation online today.

Parasomnias Q & A

What are parasomnias?

Parasomnias are disruptions during your entry into sleep, within sleep, or when you’re waking. They are broadly categorized based on the stage of sleep in which they occur, and include:

Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) parasomnias

These parasomnias result in sleepwalking, night terrors, and episodes of disorientation and confusion upon awakening, often involving slow movements and difficulty responding to others.

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) parasomnias

Because these occur during REM sleep, a phase associated with vivid dreaming, you may lash out or vocalize during dreams or have vivid nightmares. Alternatively, you may be temporarily unable to move or speak when falling asleep or waking, often accompanied by hallucinations.

Other parasomnias

Other sleep disorders lead to eating or drinking while barely awake, often without recalling it, or hearing a loud noise in your head when falling asleep or waking up.

What are the symptoms of parasomnias?

Symptoms vary depending on the specific type of parasomnia, but often include:

  • Involuntary movements or behaviors during sleep (e.g., walking, talking, eating)
  • Vocalizations such as yelling, screaming, or talking
  • Dream-enactment behaviors
  • Sudden awakenings with confusion or fear
  • Injuries to oneself or a bed partner
  • Poor or fragmented sleep
  • Daytime sleepiness or fatigue
  • Amnesia for the episode, especially with NREM parasomnias

Parasomnias may be triggered or worsened by factors like stress or anxiety, sleep deprivation, or alcohol or sedative use. If you work a job that forces you to have an irregular sleep schedule, you’re at higher risk for parasomnias.

How are parasomnias treated?

Dr. Wittine gathers information to pinpoint the type of parasomnia you may have, understand your triggers, and address any underlying sleep or medical disorders. Your personalized treatment plan may include:

  • Behavioral and environmental interventions, like safety modifications, better sleep hygiene, and stress management
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), especially CBT for insomnia (CBT-I)
  • Medical management
  • Treating underlying conditions

For complex or potentially harmful parasomnias — especially REM sleep behavior disorder — Dr. Wittine may recommend a sleep study to monitor sleep stages and capture abnormal behaviors for accurate diagnosis. You may be a good candidate for home sleep testing.

Parasomnias can be unsettling or even distressing, but the help you need is only a call away. Get in touch with The Sleep Medicine Institute by phone or via the website today to schedule your consultation.